Python pathlib for cross-platform file operations

from pathlib import Path

# Path construction (works on all platforms):
base_dir = Path(__file__).parent
data_dir = base_dir / 'data'          # Uses / operator
config_file = base_dir / 'config.toml'

# vs old style (fragile):
import os
base_dir_old = os.path.dirname(__file__)
config_old = os.path.join(base_dir_old, 'config.toml')

# Common operations:
data_dir.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)  # mkdir -p equivalent
config_file.exists()                          # File existence check
config_file.is_file()                         # Is it a file (not dir)
config_file.suffix                            # '.toml'
config_file.stem                              # 'config' (without extension)
config_file.name                              # 'config.toml'
config_file.parent                            # Path to parent directory

# Reading and writing:
content = config_file.read_text(encoding='utf-8')
bytes_data = config_file.read_bytes()
config_file.write_text('new content', encoding='utf-8')

# Glob patterns:
for py_file in data_dir.glob('**/*.py'):
    print(py_file.name)

# Resolve absolute path:
absolute = config_file.resolve()  # Resolves symlinks, makes absolute

# In scripts: reliable __file__ reference
FIXTURES_DIR = Path(__file__).parent.resolve()
SAMPLE_FILE = FIXTURES_DIR / 'sample_traces.json'